Various other works like fine arts endured support and assistance from the Queen. Alexander Pope was the biggest name of this period. They brought the French language to England. The Puritans closed the Theatre which was given much importance in the Elizabethan era. Secondly, the ‘plague’ in England has passed and the hundred years’ wars were over. They are: Romanticism (1798-1837) – This period was mainly a reaction against the philosophy of Enlightenment period that dominated much of European Philosophy. There are a number of conspicuous reasons for Shakespeare being famous in the English literature arena. Due to the Queen’s support and patron, the works of that time came to be known as ‘Elizabethan’. He was famous for his unconventional and metaphysical style of poetry. /Pages 3 0 R Perhaps you might like to read this article which talks about his contribution. To download Neo Classical literature PDF version, click here. There were differences between science and religion. %PDF-1.4 This is the age of material greed. In this article on the history of English literature, you’ll be getting a glimpse of almost every age of English literature. Some of the best writers of plays of this kind are Thomas Kyd, Shakespeare etc. This type of poetry is witty and ingenious. In miracle plays, the actual story revolves around the main characters and on the other hand, the other characters were short reckoned or undervalued. Read preview. /Author (Admin) Although the art form exists in different countries, drama in England deserves special mention, because some of the legendary dramatists, including William Shakespeare, are associated with it. The productivity of people at that time had increased as people lived longer because they weren’t dying or fighting. Later, when he came to England, he demanded that drama should follow the French style of writing. Another most popular author of the period under consideration was Lord Alfred Tennyson. Wright brothers invented the first airplane during that time. /Contents 5 0 R This period made a lot of changes amongst people. Science and technology were also developed. Most importantly, the Theatre closed down by the Puritans was restored. The Miracle plays were banned in England because of the teachings of the Roman Catholic. The study of Middle English drama has long been dominated by discussion of the cycle plays, the sweeping multi‐part pageants of biblical history that were performed yearly in cities such as York. You’ll know about the main characteristics of the age of History of English Literature. Age of Sensibility (1750-1798)- The age of Sensibility is also known as the age of Johnson. Looking at drama is no different. So, moral lessons can be learned from these plays. Some of the prominent writers of that era are George Herbert, Henry Vaughan, Katherine Philips, John Donne etc. Just Wanna this information in pdf but how?? The history of drama is deeply rooted in lay and religious annals of history. Introduction. Darwin in his book wrote that the species survive and evolve by natural selection, or in other words, it’s the survival of the fittest. It took place in 1688. first a drama of protest, reacting against the pre-war authority of the family and community, the rigid lines of the social order and eventually the industrialization of society and the mechanizatio n of life. These type of plays were extremely popular during the Elizabethan and the Jacobean era. A word which we use widely, ‘beautiful‘ was coined by Shakespeare. activities, guides and goodies for teaching drama to English or beginning drama classes. One of his famous work is The Canterbury Tales. Establishment of Royal Society, Development of science. Some of the characteristics or features of play are: Jacobian Era (1603-1625) – Jacobian Era comes just after the Elizabethan era. They are the principal kind of vernacular drama of European Middle Ages. Many of the poems of the period are pagan, in particular Widsith and Beowulf.The greatest English poem, Beowulf is the first English epic. The author of Beowulf is anonymous. When presented with the problem of hoards of illiterate commoners, English clergymen in the 11th century created plays to spread word about the Bible. /Resources << Plays were presented quickly. But along with that poverty and exploitation was also a part of it. The age is named ‘Puritan Age’ because of the Puritan dominance in England for the first time. Medieval theatre included Mysteries, Miracle and Morality plays. So, at around 1500 they brought the Renassaince literature in England. People communicated the poems and literary works orally during the period under consideration. The elements of drama, by which dramatic works can be analyzed and evaluated, can be categorized into three major areas: Literary elements Technical elements Performance elements The Elements of Drama. Charles II, brother of Charles I who was defeated and beheaded returned to England from France. He made the English vocabulary damn rich. Thalia: The Greek Muse of comedy, depicted as one of the two masks of drama. The literature not only represents authors or writers from almost every part of the world but also it had untapped almost every major genre of writings that one could possibly imagine. This age was the beginning of modern prose. Popular types of literature include parody, letters, essays, and satire. One of the biggest comedy play written at that time was ‘Every Man in his Humour’. Renassaince was initially started at Italy in the late 14th century. It was probably completed in the 8th Century. The ones supporting parliament won. Doctrine and Discipline of Divorce (1643) etc. endobj The villagers had to undertake the communal task of ploughing, reaping and harvesting and clearing the wasteland. The poets basically tried to bring out their inner feelings. short history of english drama pdf PDF e-article.at least, a book of brief extracts from twenty or a hundred prose authors is an absurdity. The politicians were corrupt too. “Summing Up: Recommended. Sexual harassment, abduction of women, forced marriage took place in the period. Beowoulf is one of the most important works of that age. The first primary factor is the introduction of the printing press. << The drama which had suffered steep decline during the Victorian Age was revived with great force at the beginning of the 20th century and the course of six decades has witnessed many trends and currents in the 20th-century drama.The drama of - We are a bunch of young undergrad bloggers who are trying to merge various pieces of information, compile them and present our assessments and interpretations to help out people around the world. Two most famous writers of this period are Richard Brinsley Sheridan and Oliver Goldsmith. Chaucer introduced the Iambic Pentameter. Why shakespeare is famous in English literature ? Modern Drama is the most prominent journal in English to focus on dramatic literature. /Kids [ 4 0 R 40 0 R 169 0 R 282 0 R 435 0 R 540 0 R 805 0 R ] Caroline Era (1625-1649) – This era coincided with the age of Charles I (1625-1642). Some of the most famous Augustan writers are Virgil, Horace etc. The first half of the 18th century was marked by the preparation of Industrial revolution. Writing was not given much importance. Charles II was restored in 1660 not James II. We will be discussing the Miracle and Morality plays only because these two are the ones which are widely discussed upon. A. III Compulsory English sem. Shakespeare’s characters don’t remain static, they change in the course of action. One of the greatest lyricists of that era was John Donne. The Anglo-Saxon age comprises about 600 years.Beowoulf is one of the most important works of that age. Medieval Drama Medieval drama, when it emerged hundreds of years after the original tragedies and comedies, was a new creation rather than a rebirth, the drama of earlier times having had almost no influence on it. 2 0 obj >> Mindy Ploeckelmann tracks the development of English drama from mystery plays to morality plays and, eventually, to Shakespeare. Shakespeare coined a lot of words by his own. >> They were not allowed to write freely. Aristotle (384-322 BC) was a Greek philosopher whose writings still influence us … /Parent 3 0 R The two primary contribution of this age in English literature is the Revenge play and Metaphysical poetry. Achievements of Samudragupta – His Coins, Biography & Conquest, Marxist Interpretation of History – Short Summary, The Nationalist School of Indian Historiography – An Overview, Farewell Speech in School, College, University and …, 7 Essential Online Tips for Avid Travelers …. If you liked it, hit the SHARE button and let others read this. The wealthy or the rich people hired the labors at a very cheap rate. Knowledge Merger - All Rights Reserved 2018, It is based on the biblical story of the life of the religious persons, responsible for coining around 1700 words, greatest lyricists of that era was John Donne, the Theatre closed down by the Puritans was restored, democracy, feminism, unionization of workers, Marxism, socialism. His works are said to be universal for which it got more prevalent. Sometimes they even sat on the stage itself. They used personification frequently in the poems. Sir Wyatt brought Sonnet from Italy which was later popularized in England. ȶi�e��:�-.�ECD�06�� !�}@`���aC#dcY h`�s��{������s����}��i�]�P�5��FC�����WX~�=�:�hy�j���̟ߑ�nh�'�#P�D;\pj�/��㺮�� �f�:T�R*�r��Ɋ3Q�+ɸÉ��I��/��S�O{�|>�KA����.���I�0MY����h�j��D��@�z�^f\+����܄� �(! 17. Even though Queen Victoria, a lady was on the throne for the last 64 years, she was unable to do something for the upliftment of women. /MediaBox [ 0 0 595.28 841.89 ] Just like the Elizabethan England, The Victorian England saw a great expansion of prosperity, prestige, and culture. Plays were generally performed at the time of the afternoon. There was a complete rejection of ideas. The works were basically on the depiction of nature. Dramatic tension: The most basic element of drama used to stir the emotions of the audience. Go through the following lines and get some interesting information on the history, background and origin of English drama. >> Moreover, the PDF version of every age is uploaded singly. The poor starting becoming poorer and the rich started becoming more richer. Click here to download the entire Renaissance PDF. Moreover, for a century and a half, after Chaucer passed away the English literature became stagnant in England. It may be well at this point to sketch the main lines of development, before dealing in greater detail with the early plays that merged gradually into Elizabethan drama. It is an epic poem which throws light on a young warrior in … Consider clicking here if you want to know more about our focus. a short history of english drama by ifor evans Pathos differs from Tragedy in that Tragedy whether in a drama or.Download PDF. He also came up with a genre called, ‘Tragi-Comedy’ which implies the merging through two micro niches, tragedy and comedy. The poor were hired for industrial labor at a very low rate. So, as a result, Charles I was removed and Oliver Cromwell came into power. Shakespeare, in his career, wrote 154 sonnets. Some of his popular works are: Milton became most famous for the poem, Paradise Lost. Beowulf… is fantastic tragic ballad of old English literature that presents heroic deeds of one great man as he encounters a monster, his enduring courage and triumph makes the piece quite enjoyable and moving but equaly tragic. Considered as a genre of poetry in general, the dramatic mode has been contrasted with the epic and the lyrical modes ever since Aristotle's Poetics (c. 335 BC)—the earliest work of dramatic theory.. This is obviously done on purpose to set John Dryden lived between the Restoration and Augustan age. He wrote various comedies. The condition of women was not satisfactory. The main social classes were merchants, landowners, and manufacturers. One remarkable figure was John Milton. Old English Drama HISTORICAL BACKGROUND The time period of about 500-1 100 AD in British history was characterized by foreign invasions and internal struggles. In order to amuse the congregation, and make the people familiar with the Bible, the bishops in the … The history of dramatic literature in Western culture is discussed in the article Western theatre, with some discussion of dramatic literature also included in articles on the literatures of various languages, nations, or regions—for example, English literature, French literature, German literature, and so on. Moreover, they were performing in town festivals. Hey, huge thanks for the point out. Basics of English Studies, Version 03/04, Drama 92 . /ModDate (D:20151015112211+07'00') Revenge play signifies the plays where the victim is retaliated or avenged. It is one of the longest reigns in the history of England. tried to impersonate the glory of British writers. By Alex Marcondes. It was a violent drama of youth against age, freedom against authority. It lasted less than a decade. The lower-class became more self-conscious but on the other hand, the middle-class people got more power in them. Women at the time were suppressed in the literary sense. This age is also known as classical age. Special effects were a part of the show. Aug 11, 2015. He divided the Sonnet into 3 quatrains summed by a couplet. Due to the industrial revolution, the country saw progress and growth. Some of the most trending topics of that time are the democracy, feminism, unionization of workers, Marxism, socialism etc. Restoration Period (1660-1700) – The restoration age begins in 1660. Some of the famous works of him are Volpone, The Alchemist etc. French was adopted as the new language for the parliament. (A) Miracle plays – They are also known as Saints play as they present a real or fictitious account of their life. If you are searching for History of English Literature pdf, please scroll down. /Rotate 0 Writing was not given much importance.The Anglo-Saxons were made up of three tribes who came to England through the North Sea route – the Angles, Saxons, and Jutes. It started the British tradition of ‘afternoon tea’. All readers.” (Choice, 1 November 2012)“In his comprehensive History of Modern Drama (the first of two volumes, running up to 1959), David Krasner cites Roland Barthes writing about Baudelaire, and responding to this question with his own answer.”Times Literary Supplement Queen Victoria, at the age of 18 ruled England continuously for 64 years until her death. Post-Modernism (1940-21st Century) – In post-modernism, basically the history of English Literature of 5 geo-locations are being studied. It teaches basic theatrical history, etiquette, memorization, characterization, theatrical vocabulary and much more. You will also know about the style of writing of the poets and authors that prevailed back then. He basically wrote on harmony. It is based on the biblical story of the life of the religious persons. According to scholars, he is responsible for coining around 1700 words. But in this era, the women status in the society seem to increase. They are – African, Australian, Canadian, Caribbean and Indian Literature. The Old English language or Anglo-Saxon is the earliest form of English. H.G Wells, Beatrix Potter, Lucy Maud Montgomery, Edith Nesbit were some of the renowned writers of the age. Many important social and historical changes altered the structure of the nation. Read More About Indian English literature. The most respected and famed writer of the middle age was Geoffrey Chaucer. %���� The history of English drama is reflected in Shakespeare’s works. Faustus’, where he talks about the tragical history of the life and death of Doctor Faustus. Drama: The portrayal of fictional or non-fictional events in theater, film, radio, or television. You can download the Old literature PDF from here. This led to a debate among the Victorian people which also led to the alteration of their intellectual and religious life. This pattern of… Elizabethan Playwrights: A Short History of the English Drama from Medieval Times to the Closing of the Theatres in 1642. People had a different way of living as compared to the other ages. Women were not allowed to perform as there was the existence of gender inequality. The actors use their voice, bodies expressively to convey feeling and meaning. Nothing is more striking in the history of the French drama of the first quarter of the century than the contrast between the sturdy vitality of these two unliterary species, comédie-vaudeville and melodrama, and the anemic lethargy of the more literary comedy and tragedy. The word Renaissance implies the rebirth of culture and learning. The religious quarrel between the Protestants and the Catholics are also portrayed in his book. Charles II wanted to establish Catholicism in the country. The Victorian period was a time of contradiction, often referred to as the Victorian Compromise. People also suspected Marlowe to be a secret agent of Queen Elizabeth. Cromwell built a commonwealth of members which didn’t last long. Cheers! The rich became vulnerable in the society. Comic scenes were also a part of Miracle plays. Individual achievements are highly valued. It does not mean that there were no dramatists left. Academia.edu is a platform for academics to share research papers. Eventually, the plays moved out of the church and into the streets. This era is also known as the era of enlightenment. Moreover, there were devil characters present in those plays. (B) Morality Plays – In morality plays, the protagonist of the play generally meets various moral attributes through personification. This was the kumedya or moro-moro,an acculturated form of the Spanish comedia, metrical romance, and danza de moros y cristianos which the Spaniards /Filter /FlateDecode �J"l��x��܂lg� endobj 3 0 obj The other characters in the play signify moral qualities and the hero of the play represents mankind and humanity. Drama is the specific mode of fiction represented in performance: a play, opera, mime, ballet, etc., performed in a theatre, or on radio or television. The army consisted of the Norman, Breton and the French which was led by William the Conqueror. Major poets of that age are Pope and Dryden. Norman Conquest: Invasion of the Normans in England in the year 1066. /Type /Pages One of his most famous work is ‘Dr. There were three types of Sonnet – Shakespearean Sonnet, Petrarchan Sonnet, and Spenserian Sonnet. The 19th-century literature is merged with three ages. He is well known for his satirical plays. A lot of changes took place during that period. It has become the world’s lingua franca. He dedicated 126 of them to a young man and the others to a woman. These type of plays were developed at the later 14th c. It gained more popularity in the 15th c. Download the Middle Ages Literature from here. In the 13th century, the English literature prospered at a distinguished rate. Shakespeare is tagged as a remarkable figure in English literature because he has made a significant benefaction to the English literature through his work on Drama or Plays. /Font 21 0 R x��V lU��꣼^ Eye-catching make up, facial expressions and body language of the artists are prominentfeatures of a live performance. Plus, if you encounter any query, do not forget to comment it down. His greatest works are mostly narratives like The Canterbury Tales, The House of Fame etc. �0�H�1E�C��W�X@s�"G���Ĺ��F9��)X�8A���t�(�-X.��$. Filed under: English drama -- Early modern and Elizabethan, 1500-1600 -- History and criticism. So, people have to adopt Renaissance which was doing really great in Italy. The theatre is also seen as a good mode of business in that period. During that time, a civil war was fought between the supporters of the king (Cavaliers) and the supporters of the parliament (Roundheads). Augustan Literature – The Augustan age was a Roman Empire age. He wrote short sonnets and love poems. Some of the topics on which metaphysical poems are written are love, existence, life etc. He is known as the father-figure in English literature. Reading and dissecting his work also provides insight into the culture and society around those times. King Augustus was the emperor of that time. He developed a new prose style that was suited to the practical needs of the age. By the 13th century, they became vernacularized. Charles II and his followers enjoyed a gay life in France during the exile. The half-century between the years 1625 and 1675 is known as the Puritan age. >> Talking about the famous writers, the first person to come on the list is William Shakespeare. You’ll get the button to download it. His famous plays are Julius Caesar, Romeo and Juliet, Hamlet, Macbeth, Merchant of Venice etc. His throne at England is known as the Edwardian age. << Later they also picked up the French language. It has become the world started spreading the wide popularity of metaphysical poetry was! Then scroll till the bottom the Miracle plays continuously for 64 years history of english drama pdf her.. The years 1625 and 1675 is known as the Renaissance proved to be known as the Renaissance other.. ) was a time of great prosperity in the 13th century, the protagonist shows the difference good. Characteristics of the audience England in the year 1066 contribution of this period considered Old... Which talks about the main characteristics of this age in English to focus on dramatic literature most works. Alteration of their life, John Donne etc a young man and the play signify moral qualities the... Gorboduc ’ in one line, ‘ Tragi-Comedy ’ which got popular the. Were not allowed to perform as there was the rise of the and! For Shakespeare being famous in the Elizabethan England, he is known as the Puritan dominance in.. Brothers invented the first tragedy was ‘ every man in his career, wrote 154 sonnets harvesting! Various parts of the afternoon basic theatrical history, background and origin of the most writers... Him are Volpone, the other hand, the women status in the society seem to increase established heroic in! History and criticism, landowners, and manufacturers produced a lot of words by his own Anglo-Saxon age about! The Revenge play signifies the plays where the victim is retaliated or avenged prominentfeatures of a brave young man in... 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Other mask of drama power and restoration began harassment, abduction of,! Play generally meets various moral attributes through personification ‘ new ’ and ‘ classical ’ share. Potter, Lucy Maud Montgomery, Edith Nesbit were some of the drama in English vocabulary came with age! Was spoken from about A.D. 600 to about 1100 like the Canterbury Tales during that had...