Nurse executives may view concerns from a care or family frame that emphasizes collaboration and working together. Furthermore, the Magnet Hospital initiative and the Institute of Medicine’s (Committee on the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, 2011) Future of Nursing report highlight the need for nurses to be able to be fully involved and even take the lead in decision making from the unit level to the larger health care delivery system. An optimizing decision includes comparing all possible solutions with desired objectives and then selecting the optimal solution that best meets objectives (Choo, 2006; Guo, 2008). When a nurse is … Unfortunately, this form of overconfidence often results in overly optimistic projections in project planning. Abstract . A decision maker may become so enamored by technological solutions (and slick vendor demonstrations) that he or she may unconsciously decide in favor of these systems even though strong evidence supports implementing less costly solutions first. Decision Making Helper the Decision Making Software. Pulman and colleagues (2009) have reported on the use of simulators to promote critical thinking role development in inter-professional environments. Obviously, it is important to begin the goal definition phase with staff members who are closest to the issue. Both the American Nurses Association’s (2009) and American Association of Nurse Executives’ (2005) standards for practice for nurse administrators and executives support the fact that in a fast-paced health care delivery environment, staff nurses, leaders, and managers must be able to analyze and synthesize a large array of information, use critical thinking and decision making skills to deliver effective day to day patient care, and solve complex problems that occur in complex health care delivery systems (see, Committee on the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, 2011. Over time, the complexity of health care processes has increased as a natural outgrowth of innovation and new technology. Such a climate encourages deep reflection, especially so that nurses feel safe to learn from mistakes, and encourages nurses to ask questions and consider a variety of viewpoints and alternative solutions to problems. 10.Problem solving model Problem solving and decision making are vital abilities for nursing practice. One decision-making strategy that could be implemented by nurse … 16 Consequently, opportunities for seeking information beyond what was readily available were perceived as severely restricted. The basic elements of decision making, which enhances day to day activities, contributes to strategic planning and solves problems can be summarized into the following two parts: (1) identifying the goal for decision-making, and (2) making the decision. Simulators may also be useful in orienting new graduates to the acute care setting (Leigh, 2011). Situations within the environment constantly change and decision makers need to reframe their thinking as they broaden their awareness of the context of their decisions (Sharma & Ivancevic, 2010). Nurses are a cadre of knowledge workers within the health care system. Because problems change over time, decisions made at one point in time may need to be changed (Choo, 2006). In any case, the processes are virtually the same, but their purposes may be slightly different. Keywords: Nursing students, Pre-requisite skills, Clinical decision-making skills, Nursing clinical judgment, Clinical placement Introduction Healthcare field nowadays, the nurse is confronted with gradually multifarious disputes and circumstances. BACKGROUND According to Tanner, simulations can promote clinical reasoning, which leads to making conclusions in the form of clinical judgments and, thus, effective problem solving. Limitations of time, money, or people may prevent the decision maker from selecting the more deliberative and slower process of optimizing. • Develop and implement an action plan for problem solution. Staff nurses who are not engaged in shared decision making may experience less job satisfaction and subsequently may leave an organization, leading to loss of expertise in patient care (Gromley, 2011). • Define the problem and determine why anything should be done about it and explore what could be happening. Within a climate of uncertainty and complexity, nurse managers and leaders must also understand that all decision making involves high-stakes risk taking (Clancy & Delaney, 2005; Keynes, 2008). Other thinkers, such as Plato, Aristotle, Thomas Aquinas, Francis Bacon, and Descartes, emphasized the importance of systematic critical thinking and the need for a systematic disciplining of the mind to guide it in clarity and precision of thinking. 5. 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